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It is always good to know whom to call in the time of need. But all of us do not have a phone directory at home. Local Business Directory is a great help for all those individuals who have moved into a new location and are unfamiliar with different establishments present in the town. As there are so many directories, you might be wondering how you can make use of them. A local business directory can be a good source of income. But, before creating a directory, you should be familiar with all the local business companies that are present in your town or city. Make a list of all the businesses including their contact information and get in touch with them. Make an offer to all these business firms to use your local business directory for the purpose of promotion. Most of the business companies are willing to pay for advertisements as long as they feel the prices are reasonable. You can attract business owners to advertise in your business directory by offering them discounts if they intend to promote for a longer period of time. It would be best to use the directories are printed and released on a monthly basis so that the receivers of your directories are updated. Some of the business companies change their contact information or their location, while others come up with special offers every month or season. So, it is necessary to keep yourself updated with such changes. Continuous communication with these firms will help you to get updates and there is a greater possibility that they would continue advertising in your local business directory. Once you have an established network of clients, you can start categorized the business companies based on their purposes and nature. Keep in mind that you have to be up to date with what is the latest event or the latest offers in the companies that you are trying to promote through your Local Business Directory. Regular interactions and a good understanding can easily ensure success in this kind of business.    


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The People’s Republic of China (PRC), known as China, has increasingly been engaging in the world’s economy. Businessmen from around the world travel to this land to trade and boost their business. Here are a few helpful tips for your business travel to China.

Accommodations There are many hotels dotting all the major and minor cities of China, ranging from luxurious 5-star hotels to the budget hotels. A wide range of facilities are offered at these places of accommodation. Some of the hotels that you can stay at are:

Beijing: Ascott Hotel (5 star), Wangfujing Grand Hotel (5 star) in China World Hotel (4 stars)

Guangzhou: Hotel Pullman Guangzhou Baiyun Airport (5-Star) White Swan Hotel (4-Star) Donlord International Hotel (3-Star)

Shanghai: Crowne Plaza Hotel Shanghai Pudong (5-Star) Howard Johnson Plaza Hotel (4-Star) Fairmont Peace Hotel (3-Star)

Xian: Grand Park Xian Hotel (4-Star) Sheraton Xian Hotel (4-Star)

For more information on hotels in China, visit: http://www. asiahotels. com/hl/China. asp The amenities offered in these hotels in each room (3-Star and above) are: • Central air-conditioning • Television • Refrigerator (especially in the 4- and 5-Star hotels) • Private bathroom with round-the-clock hot water • Towels, glasses, toothbrushes, toothpaste, bathing soap, shampoo, bath lotion, toilet paper • Wardrobe with dressing table • Ceiling and bedside lamps • 24-hour room service • Electrical water boiler (if one is not provided, you can request boiled water by room service) • Business center (fax, Internet facility and telephone service is available) • Western and Chinese restaurants, bars, coffee shops • Conference rooms, banqueting halls, multi-function halls, ballrooms • Beauty parlors, massage rooms While staying in a hotel, there are a few things to take note of:

Water: Do not drink tap water from the hotels, as it is not drinkable. An electrical water boiler will be provided for safe-drinking water. If one is not provided, you can request boiled water by room service. Bottled water is also available and can be bought for $0. 25 to $0. 75 per bottle. Steamed or mineral water is also easily available.

Laundry Service: Laundry bags are provided in hotel rooms. Clothes given for washing in the morning are usually returned the next day. However, if you need them immediately, extra charge may be incurred. Public laundries are available on the streets.

Mail Service: Sending mail from your hotel is convenient. Stamps are available at the front desk. To send a postcard, stamps of amount RMB 4. 50 to 6 will be needed. For a normal weight letter, stamps worth RMB 6 to 7 are required. You can leave your letters or postcards at reception, who will give them to the postman.

Electric Current: 220 volt/50 cycles are used throughout the country. So, if your electrical appliances require to be operated at 110 volts, you will need a Converter. Most hotels provide two- and three-phase sockets. You may have to use an adapter as well. If you don’t have one, ask the housekeeper for one.

Communication: Cell Phone, Phone Cards & Long Distance Calling, Internet Access

While on your business tour, it will be necessary to keep in touch with business partners and colleagues back home. In this fast-moving world, staying connected is an easy task. From cell phones and phone cards to the Internet, there are ample options to select from.

Phone Cards And Long Distance Calling: Most hotels provide the facility of IDD (International Direct Dialing) from the room itself and from phone cards from the post office located in the hotel. Besides this, phone cards, IC and IP being the most popular, are available in newsstands. These cards are available in only particular provinces, so it is recommended that you check that the card has not expired.

IC cards: IC telephones allow you to call home instantly. International calls can be made from IC telephone cards (a product of China Telecom). These cards are quite expensive and are available for more than 10 RMB/M. When purchasing an IC card, you need to use a telephone, which can be found either at a public booth, hotel, airport or restaurant. The card needs to be inserted into the phone. Once inserted, you need to follow the vocal instructions.

IP-cards: Companies such as China Netcom, China Unicom, China Telecom and China Jitong topic these cards. Call rate is the company’s business. China Unicom amount of fees for the first 5 RMB / M calls to Macau, Hong Kong and Taiwan, the two made. 6 RMB / M to Canada and America, and the third 6 RMB / M rest of the world. Other telecommunications service providers to establish whether a higher or lower than that of China Unicom. To make a call, you can use your hotel phone, the phone could be used as a reward granted.

Country codes: Listed below are codes for some countries.

USA and Canada: 1

UK: 44

Australia: 61

Austria: 43

Switzerland: 41

Hong Kong: 852

Italy: 39

Holland: 31

New Zealand: 64

Making a call: To make an international call, dial the following:

00+country code + regional code + telephone number

Cell Phones: Both GSM and CDMA networks operate in China, run by China Mobile and China Unicom, respectively. So, you can use either a dual- or tri-band cell phone, or simply use a COSMOTE card. If however, you want to cut costs, you can purchase a GSM SIM card.

You have two options to choose from: Shenzhouxing and Ruyitong, issued by China Mobile and China Unicom, respectively. These are prepaid connections, so there is no need to provide any kind of documents. Charging cards of 50 RMB and 100 RMB are available in newsstands, post offices and stores.

Internet Access: Some hotels provide Internet access in the rooms, as well as their business center. So staying connected is easy. The other option is visiting a cyber café.

Transportation: Airways, Trains, Taxis, Coaches Taking your business to the corners of China requires immense travel. There are ample options for transportation to get around the country. From airways and trains to taxis and coaches, China has it all.

Coach: Coaches are abundant. They are clean, air conditioned and comfortable. Drivers are very experienced, you can create a safe trip is ensured.

Train: The best way to experience China and view the countryside is to travel by train. The berths are comfortable for travel. Choose the “soft seats” for traveling short distances and “soft sleepers” for long-distance travel.

The soft sleeper cars comprise four-berths: two upper and two lower berths. Complete bedding is provided. In every soft sleeper car there is a public washroom, though a shower is not available. It is recommended that you carry your own toiletries like face towel, face wash, soap, and toilet paper, among others. A thermos bottle containing hot water is provided to every passenger. Ensure to book your train ticket 10 days prior to your departure. Getting a ticket, especially during the holidays, can be quite difficult. Once you have boarded the train, make sure that your ticket is kept safely, because you will need to show it to the ticket-checker on board, as well as at the station of your destination. The conductor will replace your ticket with a “magcard” so as to inform you of your arrival. Ensure to change it back to your ticket on your arrival. In terms of dining, you can either eat at the dining car, which is adjacent to the soft sleeper car, or simply purchase a boxed meal that is carried in a trolley during meal times and costs approximately USD $2-3 per meal. Chinese cuisine is usually on the menu.

Taxi: There are innumerable taxis available to take you around, especially if you want to tour the cities on your own. Taxis are brightly colored in yellow, red or green. The fares vary from one city to another, but whichever the city, ensure that the taximeter is being used. This avoids you from getting cheated. Rates of the taxi are usually marked on the window. In Shanghai, the four prominent taxi companies are Blue’ish Turquoise, Taxis, Blue and Oro Blanco. Besides, after 11 pm, taxi drivers tend to charge more. If your bargaining skills are good, you can ask for a 20% discount, which ultimately ensures that you are paying at the same rate, that is, the amount that is charged before 11 pm. Take note of the name of the taxi driver and his registration number, which are displayed in the taxi. Also, do not forget to take a receipt as it contains the details of your trip. This receipt allows you to call the taxi company, if you have left your belongings in the taxi, or you need its services again. The drivers do not speak in English, so make sure that you either have your destination written in Chinese or carry a guide that translates English to Chinese.

Airway: Traveling by air from one city to another is quick and less exhaustive. Some of the airlines that are operative are China Eastern Airlines, Dragon Air, Air China, Hainan Airlines and China Southern Airlines.

Embassies and Consulates While on your business tour, it is a good idea to know the location of your country’s embassy or consulate. The capital of China, Beijing houses foreign embassies, while cities like Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Chongqing and Shenyang are home to a number of consulates. To know more about the Chinese consulates and embassies around the world, and foreign consulates and embassies in China, log on to www. embassyworld. com.

Money Matters Renminbi (RMB) is the official currency of China. Yuan, also called “kuai” is the basic unit; 10 jiao or mao equals a single yuan, while 10 fen is equivalent to one jiao. Paper currency is available in one, two, five, 10, 20, 50 and 100 yuan notes, while jiao notes come in the denominations of one, two and five. Fen notes are available too in the denominations of one and two, though they are rarely used. Coins come in one yuan, one and five jiao, and one, two and five fen. Most luxurious, star hotels accept US dollars, English pounds and Euros. Tipping can also be done using the above mentioned currencies. However, when purchasing from street vendors, convenience stores and department stores, as well as eating out in local restaurants, payments should be made in the local currency. Here are a few more tips related to money.

Traveler’s checks: Banks and hotels in China accept traveler’s checks. The exchange rate is the same in both places. To change your checks into cash, you need to show your passport. It is recommended that you keep the exchange receipts. This allows you to exchange the cash back into the original currency on your departure from China.

Credit cards: The most widely accepted credit cards are Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Diner’s Card and JCB. You can use your credit card in shopping malls and stores, hotels and restaurants, as well as to purchase tickets. However, the card will not be of much use when you travel to smaller cities and rural areas. You will need to only pay in cash in RMB there. Similarly, some hotels also do not accept payments via credit card. In that case, you will need to go to Bank of China, where you can withdraw cash of a stipulated amount. A charge will be levied for the same.

ATM: Bank of China has many ATM outlets in all major cities. Five-star hotels are also ATMs. You can only take a certain amount each day ATM and the money is available for RMB. Your credit card will not work with them.

Distinguishing Counterfeit Money: Identifying fake money can be easy if you know what to look for. Money can be distinguished by its watermark, color, texture of paper and Braille dots. RMB notes are difficult to copy owing to their color. The fake bills are unclear as the images, watermark and colors are not very distinct. They tend to be quite fuzzy. A good way to test if a bill is counterfeit is to look at it under a black light. Here are a few things to take note of: 1. On a $100 bill, the image of the Great Helmsman or model worker (usually present in the old copy) or Maozedong (the new copy) is extremely sharp. 2. The words “WUSHI” or “YIBAI” appear in fluorescent color, though this depends on the denomination. 3. The paper should appear to absorb the black light. If it throws out color, that is, if it looks bright, then it is a counterfeit note. 4. Braille dots are visible on the lower left-hand corner of the front part of a bill. The dots are slightly raised. The bills that do not have these are counterfeit.

Visa To obtain a visa, you can visit the Chinese embassy or consulate in your country. All foreigners entering mainland China are required to have a visa. However, Western nationals need not obtain a visa for visiting Macau and Hong Kong. If you wish to work and stay in China, or have been assigned to work in the country, you need to apply for an employment visa (Type Z). You will be allowed to make multiple entries into the country, bring reasonable personal and household articles, like video cameras, PC, VCR, among others, which now become duty-free. When this visa expires, you will be able to renew it without much effort.

Fairs & Exhibitions If you are a company looking to provide their products at trade fairs and exhibitions must consult with the customs authorities themselves. Organizer of the exhibition is to allow the use of pre-customs, shipping documents, and provides a list of items to be displayed. The tradition has been handed over and the rules of procedure for the appropriate forms to the organizer. Sometimes, in the form of a letter or a security deposit is required by customs. Normally, goods are exempt from customs duties when they are re-exported within three months. Small exhibitions and seminars, which require an area of less than 500 square feet, may organize a local sponsor, may participate in foreign trade, without prior approval of MOFTEC. Customs authorities to take care of the formalities for the export depending on the tax-free re-guarantee contract signed between a foreign contractor and the sponsor. With regard to food and drink exhibitions, the rules of the samples has not been clearly established. So, before registering to participate, it is recommended that you show in order to obtain information about their obligations in relation to the entry of samples, and the costs involved may apply. If the sale is held in an event sample, which was introduced by the temporary not-for-sale “rule, the SG & # XFC A. In this case, the tariffs on these products.

Advertising Materials On your business tour, you can carry samples and advertising material, without having to pay for customs duty and VAT, provided the value of the items do not exceed RMB 200. However, those advertising materials related to electronic products are subject to VAT and customs duty, irrespective of the value of the item.

Importing Goods If you have set up representative offices in China, the office has to submit a written application to the Customs office in the case of importing of personal items or vehicles. Customs will waive any pertinent import license requirements, approving the import of equipment for office-use only.


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By Arshad Husain

 

Introduction

Forecasting changes in the international business environment is critical for the constituents in the policy, corporate, and academic communities. As the importance and impact of international business overall has increased, there is a commensurate need to identify, as early as possible, emerging issues and assess their potential contributions to change. While there are many individual broad visions as to the future business environment, a more specific way to engage in this activity is to get the business, policy and research communities to interact in the process of outlining possible scenarios and resulting actions. Since no one region or location can be the only origin of change, a diversity of opinion across geographies secures a more balanced portfolio of comments.

For all concerned, the possibility to identify, analyze, and debate changes allows for the timely preparation of strategies in response. While some of the issues presented may already be emerging, the ideal results identify early warning of outlying phenomena thereby allowing policy makers and business leaders to execute proactive responses. Similarly, academics can be prescriptive in their research rather than analyzing what may have already occurred.

Interestingly, most agree that international trends are more important than they were only a few years ago, yet action on these trends is lagging. In their survey of 1,136 executives, McKinsey and Co. (2008) found that relatively few companies act on the trends identified. In addition, the cross-over of information between the “silos” of disciplines is very limited. For example, top management publications show an insignificant share of articles focused on the international and policy dimensions. On the average only 5 percent of articles present an international focus (Werner & Brouthers, 2002). At the same time, only 11 percent of policy articles focus on international issues (Sprott & Miyazaki, 2002).

Method

This study used the Delphi technique, which has been called the cornerstone of future research. The method integrates the opinions of experts using multiple waves of data collection. The 50-year old method is used by leading corporations and organizations to develop strategic guidelines (Duboff, 2007). Results of the technique have been used to guide decisions into investing in new technologies and markets.

1. Terrorism

 A growing emphasis on national interests and local culture will increase terrorism and lead to higher security standards. There are likely to be growing policy-triggered restrictions in global transportation and corporate linkages. Firms and policy makers have a very clear understanding that terrorism is an ongoing phenomenon to be confronted. Combating terrorism was seen as a fact of life and history, resulting in a continuous job for push-back to be conducted multi-laterally and without compromise.

Counter-terrorism needs to preclude the failure of the will of the people and governments opposing the terrorists. The root causes of terrorism were identified as policies towards immigrants and the sometimes dividing roles taken on by advocates of specific religions, cultures, regions, or races. Approaches proposed to address these root causes were education, improved nourishment, and the ability to control one’s own destiny. But there will also be a growing emphasis on national interests accompanied by limited readiness for multilateral solutions. It will be a key task for governments to diffuse such desires rather than coddle to popular demands. Only with the collaboration of all parties concerned can local and regional protectionism and de-globalization be avoided. The greatest imperative will be to develop and maintain the power to execute peace.

2. Globalization

Key gains of globalization are achieved by consumers, intermediaries, and originators, since those participating in the supply chain can move to different locations to benefit for low costs or other advantages. The key issue is mobility. Workers are not necessarily able to take advantage of this since the cost of moving may be quite high due to different environments and cultures.

Education and training are crucial for better and more rewarding tasks for workers. When asked how countries can move up on the globalization chain, our panelists consistently rated education as the most important component, followed by competition and investment. A discussion forum with former Latin American presidents fully supported this perspective (Pino, 2007). However, there was a sharp divide between panelists when it came to the content of education. Some stressed the importance of keeping up with learning both quantitative and qualitative knowledge. Others believed that learning of difficult knowledge – say physics, mathematics, chemistry – could be outsourced to those who revel in such materials. Quality education time could then be dedicated to other pursuits, such as music, art, or poetry. Repeatedly, the question arose whether learning was to serve an inner spiritual desire or society and whether, for example, the implantation of a ‘knowledge chip’ would be better or worse than the stepwise acquisition of knowledge under difficult or even unpleasant conditions. A key point was: Are we really all dumb since the invention of the calculator?

3rd Corruption

Corruption is a major detractor from global welfare and local economic development. Its consequences are shoddily built roads, structures that collapse, clinics with equipment purchased at high prices or inappropriate specifications. In all such circumstances vast public expenditures do not achieve the envisioned use and local interest suffer.

Typical side payments are 10-15 percent of all major expenditures, with much higher levels in the developing world. “It is human nature to lubricate relationship with gratuity” was a typical statement, with more diversion attributed to high-context cultures (e. g. , Latin America, Latin Europe, and Asia) and less to low-context ones (e. g. , United States, Northern and Germanic Europe). Yet, the social acceptance of corruption was seen as a bigger danger because it protects the elite from domestic scrutiny and control. Therefore, the ongoing impact of the U. S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the OECD discussions were seen as instrumental in reducing or at least containing such misappropriations. More multilateral action is seen as necessary to ensure broad, continuous and relentless enforcement of measures against violators. Beneficiaries of excessive wealth from bribery will eventually be pursued globally to return their ill gotten gains.

4. Cultural adjustment

There is a strong belief that cultures around the world are increasingly similar to communicate, particularly with regard to macroeconomic issues such as accountability, performance expectations, product preferences, and freedom in society. Such cultural assimilation were also less threatening to the U.S. strongly influenced by the dominant culture. At the same time, it is more difficult to export the most common way of thinking, and increase regional and local cultural heritage, sovereignty and calls for protectionism, multilateral organizations, such as UNESCO.

History shows that civilizations rise and fall over time, whereas during the conflict, regardless of the flows of information, insights and learning. Otherwise the world would be speaking in Greek, Latin, Turkish, Arabic, or. Already the use of business English, can lead to resentment and hostility. Companies are discovering that the language creates cultural norms, which in turn reduces the creativity of their employees and local connections. It is very likely that companies are increasingly developing the standards said, “We do not hire you in English,” which introduced a new multi-polarity & # XFC; lemaailmse management.

5. Information

Even though a greater diversification of information sources may typically provide for better knowledge evolution, there is an expectation of fewer data sources offering increasingly larger quantities of data due to mergers and acquisitions, cost cutting, or limited user willingness to pay. Such developments are likely to affect accuracy and reliability making data use heavily trust-dependent. To a growing degree data users may demand more insights into the origin of information in order to gauge its validity. Just like butchers are expected to label the meat they sell with precise origins, information providers need to offer data locale and source of origin. Under such conditions, the locality of data can be systematically used to enhance credibility; e. g. , through increased use of local debt-rating agencies.

Due to more transparent sourcing, there will be a decrease in the willingness of firms and people to offer information. Nebulous laws and restrictions may be increasing the threat of law suits. Also, the gains from free information that have greatly helped businesses and individuals in the past 10 years are likely to shrink.

6th The location and source of growth

 In terms of geography, emerging market economies will continue to increase their impact on the global economy. The treat of polarization and an increase in regional and the local trade and finance relations will encourage an eventual completion of the Doha Round of trade negotiations. Countries will focus on those issues which are most relevant for their economies, thus leading to a differentiation of players which grow, make, create and coordinate things. Significant new opportunities will develop within emerging economies. At the same time, growing efficiency in these countries will also present them with new markets in developed countries. There will be more cooperation between there emerging nations, resulting in more integration among them, and perhaps more protectionism outside of their sphere. Developing nations will welcome more diversity of partners and will welcome increased competition among larger players. For some countries, this collaboration is also likely to introduce new global moral positions, raising the relative precedence of business, politics, human dignity and freedom. While efficiency will gain in importance, there will also be more incorporation of Eastern business practices into overall methods. Overall, economic power is likely to shift globally to Asia, both in terms of investment and output.

China will be the player to watch. For firm’s who are planning to enter the global market, China will become the new New York on the basis that “if you can make it there, you can make it anywhere. ” Due to domestic pressures fueled by weaknesses in the banking system, urban/rural imbalances, and regional political dissonance, top Chinese corporations are likely to expand significantly overseas. Multinational firms from third world countries will expand in general, and the Fortune 1,000 will soon include a significant number of China-headquartered companies. There will also be a significant increase in mergers and acquisitions lead by Chinese companies.

Another important participant will be India. That country’s opening will rival the growth of China, due to its wide spread facility with the English language, its close alignment with the rule of law, a well developed commercial infrastructure and a democratic government. Companies are likely to see India as both a primary place for outsourcing and as an important market for their goods. In particular, Indian linkages in the communications and information sectors are likely to soar.

7. Environment, conservation and sustainability

China will demonstrate only limited concern towards the environment, even though environmental problems will have a major effect on its ability to compete as a global manufacturing center. Medical, environmental and other social costs will dramatically reduce the advantages of firms to manufacture in China – therefore leading to a move of FDI to other locations, including the U. S. and Europe.

One consequence of China’s and India’s rapid economic growth has continued depletion of natural resources. Quest for economic development and better life style can cause a lack of natural resources. After the procurement and management of the main items is an important strategic issue, which often leads to preferential bilateral agreements, perhaps in contrast to multilateral agreements. Governments are trying to make more land in grain production as well as tools such as falls and price control. Shortages drive up the price of alcohol consumers. Protection against theft is theft of material during the company’s central theme (eg, cutting power lines will become copper). Recycling and reuse is to become a significant business opportunity. Agriculture is a very attractive and profitable production of food and fuel re-accelerates. Shortage of drinking water is once again a central theme and a major obstacle to global development and prosperity has been detected. This is much higher government investment in desalination and reverse osmosis technology and greater attention to water conservation.

In light of public concern about climate change, there will be growing preference for energy saving technologies and a reduction and limit to energy use. A stream of scientific and non-scientific proof will be offered for global warming, with any unusual natural phenomenon being blames for global warming. Public impressions and perceptions will lead to changes in living patterns, – for example the population of dry arid and hot climate areas may well shift due to water shortages and, say, limits to the use of air conditioning technology. Such effects will occur even if it becomes generally accepted that global warming is only slightly dependent on human activities – given the overriding argument of: what can it hurt?

Africa may well emerge in the offering the most opportunities for green investments and the accumulation of carbon credits. However, is the transfer of resources resulting from carbon trading grows; such trading will become, in the eyes of governments, non-sustainable and therefore prohibitive. There is more likely to be an increase in international agreements (both multilateral and bilateral) which set a framework for corporations, promotion and subsidies for technologies and products which protect the environment. Rich countries will give more importance to this concern, and most internationally operating companies will take this concern seriously.

8. Demographics

The aging of populations of North America and Europe will be joined by those of Asia and Latin America. These older populations will become a growing customer segment for the financial-services sector as well as to providers of health care and appropriate household products. In particular, the lack of public support for the disabled and needy – often the result of cultural traditions – will create problems for generations caught in transition. At the same time, there will be major opportunities as older generations will expect more education, entertainment and involvement to enjoy their increased leisure time.

As baby-boomer societies experience waves of retirement, companies will shift to increase employee longevity and loyalty. New and substantial incentives will be designed to maintain expertise within and to reduce the need to find specialists outside the firm.

Conclusions and discussion

Three dimensions were seen to drive a future vision of globalization. These were first, the reduction of global inequality; second, new and widely enforced global rules which would provide stability and consistency of basic rights and obligations across borders; third was the support for individual freedom. There was an expectation that over time, nations, institutions, and individuals around the world will increasingly accept these dimensions as the foundation of the good life. In reciprocal causality, freedom is seen to cause and facilitate international marketing, while international marketing is a key pillar in support of the cause of freedom.

References

Adam, Karla, “Archbishop Defends Remarks on Islamic Law in Britain,” The

Washington Post, February 12, 2008,  

Akins, R. B. , Tolson, H. & Cole, B. R. (2005). Stability of response characteristics of a Delphi panel: Application of bootstrap data expansion. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 5(3):1-12.

Czinkota, M. R. (1986). International trade and business in the late 1980s: An integrated U. S. perspective. Journal of International Business Studies, 17(1): 127-134.

Czinkota, M. R. & Ronkainen I. A. (1992). Global Marketing 2000: A marketing survival guide. Marketing Management, January/February: 37-44.

Czinkota, M. R. & Ronkainen I. A. (1997). International business and trade in the next decade: Report from a Delphi study. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(4): 827-844.

Czinkota, M. R. & Ronkainen I. A. (2005). A forecast of globalization, international business and trade: Report from a Delphi study. Journal of World Business, 40(2): 111


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